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BobTheDog

Joined: Feb 28, 2005 Posts: 4044 Location: England
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Posted: Sun Oct 28, 2007 1:51 am Post subject:
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| Blue Hell wrote: | Think I need a new virtual dub version, so I'm wandering around a bit on that site and just tripped over
| Quote: | What makes a computer slow
I've become increasingly frustrated with the speed of computers lately, or rather, lack thereof. After thinking about it, I came up with three reasons why I think computers have gotten slow. It's a bit long. Should I call this a rant? Oh well, let's just start with the first one: |
See : http://www.virtualdub.org/blog/pivot/entry.php?id=176#body for more. |
For me computers haven't gotten slow, they have got really fast.
I am typing on a slightly out of date consumer level MacPro at the moment, it has two Intel Xeon 5160 processors each with 4MB L2 cache and dual 1.33Ghz FSB. 8GB 667Mhz DDR2 ram and 2TB of disk.
This is a fast machine, the 5160 processors perform extremely well and it outperforms 16 processor SGI machines that I was using a few years ago that cost hundreds of times more money.
It runs OSX, XP, Vista 64 and Red Hat 64 server, all on one machine using virtualization, I love this machine, its fast and reliable.
The problem with users seeing computers as slow is that they tend to do rather a lot more nowadays with a large amount of this extra functionality not being used by all users, another issue is the distorted view of the past that people tend to have.
For instance I booted up an old Mac SE for the Children to see the other day, first telling them what a great little machine it was. It was unbelievably slow and basic, the kids looked on in disbelief at the archaic beast before sidling off to play with the Nintendo Wi.
Also talking about bloat in computers, here are the size of an exe and libs of a system I work on in Irix:
-rwxrwxrwx 1 bis bis 209M Oct 16 21:55 bis*
-rwxrwxrwx 1 bis bis 24M Oct 16 21:55 libaisbis.so*
-rwxrwxrwx 1 bis bis 3.5M Oct 16 21:55 libarcbis.so*
-rwxrwxrwx 1 bis bis 28M Oct 16 21:55 libardbis.so*
-rwxrwxrwx 1 bis bis 7.4M Oct 16 21:55 libcar.so*
-rwxrwxrwx 1 bis bis 953K Oct 16 21:55 libdmfusr.so_old*
-rwxrwxrwx 1 bis bis 14M Oct 16 21:55 libmosbis.so*
-rwxrwxrwx 1 bis bis 3.1M Oct 16 21:55 libs2sbis.so*
-rwxrwxrwx 1 bis bis 7.4M Oct 16 21:55 libsetupbis.so*
-rwxrwxrwx 1 bis bis 6.3M Oct 16 21:55 libssbis.so*
-rwxrwxrwx 1 bis bis 10M Oct 16 21:56 libtsbis.so*
-rwxrwxrwx 1 bis bis 3.2M Oct 16 21:56 libvizbis.so*
-rwxrwxrwx 1 bis bis 163M Oct 16 21:56 libwfebis.so*
The total is 480MB, the same system compiled for Vista 64 is 28MB.
Cheers
Andy |
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bachus

Joined: Feb 29, 2004 Posts: 2922 Location: Up in that tree over there.
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Posted: Sun Oct 28, 2007 5:15 am Post subject:
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| BobTheDog wrote: | | Blue Hell wrote: | Think I need a new virtual dub version, so I'm wandering around a bit on that site and just tripped over
| Quote: | What makes a computer slow
I've become increasingly frustrated with the speed of computers lately, or rather, lack thereof. After thinking about it, I came up with three reasons why I think computers have gotten slow. It's a bit long. Should I call this a rant? Oh well, let's just start with the first one: |
See : http://www.virtualdub.org/blog/pivot/entry.php?id=176#body for more. |
For me computers haven't gotten slow, they have got really fast.
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I think the point he was making is that garbage collection and multithreading present problems for many kinds of computation intensive applications which are expected to be responsive. _________________ The question is not whether they can talk or reason, but whether they can suffer. -- Jeremy Bentham |
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Kassen
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Joined: Jul 06, 2004 Posts: 7678 Location: The Hague, NL
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Posted: Sun Oct 28, 2007 7:02 am Post subject:
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| cappy2112 wrote: |
512 is the minimum I would even consider for XP, but I typically run 1 GB.
Double that for Vista. I knew of a very famous programmer who put 750MB in his notebook, and turned off virtual memory in XP, just to help system performance.
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True, but now you are comparing listed requirements against real-world needs. I don't think anybody would seriously consider running this last update to OSX on 512 MB of ram.
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Hard drives are so cheap, why even bother worrying about 9GB dedicated to the OS, when you can have 300GB for much less than one of the synthesizers in your studio? |
Yeah... But that's how everybody reasons. We pay more for a newer computer, hoping to have more power but then people think "oh, I no longer need to clean up my disk" and programing language designers go "No need to optimise anymore as computers are so fast now" and programmers go "oh, I could free memory but everybody has at least a gig these days anyway" and we end up wasting all of the progress we made on laziness.
I think it's kinda like with money, if you make a lot you could afford to pay 50$ for a sandwich but in my opinion that's still too expensive for a piece of bread, even if I could I wouldn't want to.
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When the compiler itself takes more than 8MB, and the programs it generates are in the 100's of MB, then 8MB does seem demanding. |
Barring rare exceptions I can't quickly think of I think 100's of MB for programs is too large too. I think it was Poe who said long poems couldn't be good poems (it's kinda funny that he wrote some fairly long ones) and I think the same hold for programs. In my experience good programs are small, it also seems obvious to me that small programs are more likely to be bug-free.
The sad thing about Apple is that Apple makes both the OS and the computer, this can lead to better integration but it also means Apple has a vested interest in making their OS as large and slow as they can (without being too obvious about it) as that means more new computers sold. I just looked up the minimum system requirements for Free-BSD on the i386 platform, this is interesting as OSX has a BSD core and the difference in needs will tell us roughly how much the stuff Apple build on top of BSD need. It's a 486, 24MB of ram and 150MB of HD space. To me that difference is a pretty nice computer that's basically being thrown away by all Mac users, like a 50$ sandwich. _________________ Kassen |
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Kassen
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Joined: Jul 06, 2004 Posts: 7678 Location: The Hague, NL
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Posted: Sun Oct 28, 2007 7:22 am Post subject:
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| bachus wrote: |
I think the point he was making is that garbage collection and multithreading present problems for many kinds of computation intensive applications which are expected to be responsive. |
Yeah. He has some very good points there but I think garbage collection can be unavoidable in practical situations. One example that is relevant to EM is SC which is expected to be as realtime as the the underlying OS can make it yet is also meant for rapid development (and I know that in extreme case those can and do clash).
Still, by the time you need 50MB for a silly little video card control panel I would say you have larger problems then just garbage collection, especially as video card developers (should?) have a few ASM wizards around. _________________ Kassen |
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elektro80
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Joined: Mar 25, 2003 Posts: 21959 Location: Norway
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Posted: Sun Oct 28, 2007 7:36 am Post subject:
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OS X like any real UNIX is not a monolithic system that will bog down the computer with all sorts of stuff by default. What is on the drive after installing the OS does not equal stuff that is
1. active at all times
2. stuff that is hogging the CPU
3. stuff that shouldn´t be there.
A basic OS X system will generally boot any mac that the OS version supports. You can therefore shuffle drives and images around and no matter what you will be able to get your stuff running again ASAP.
OS X comes with a lot of stuff deactivated, but it´s in there anyways. This simplifies OS updates and you will always have a consistent system.
Some stuff takes a lot of space, such as the default setting for printer drivers. I reckon the printer drivers are some 1- 1,5 gigs alone. Languages take space too. You can deselect a lot of this anyways without running into deep shit.
A UNIX will also need some disk space for swap files and stuff as well in order to run and at times Apple has thrown such stuff into the "recommended" drive space number as well. Dunno what they did with 10.5 though.
Again, a lot of what is on the drive are also uncompressed spacehogging text files. Unproblematic and nice.
The basic OS X is really pretty tiny and as you know Apple is using a polished and tweaked version for embedded devices already.
So what do you get with OS X? You do get a pretty full UNIX installation + toolboxes and shit that Apple will maintain for you. Apple will sort out security issues with say Apache and SMB and make sure that the mix won´t chew your ass off. You do in fact get full software support for the whole engine room instead of simply the nth version of yet another agent which will check that you aren´t running a pirated version of your OS. Man, now I´m really tired of Vista. I have the whole thing licensed.. but this is a license to ill ... arrrgh.. _________________ A Charity Pantomime in aid of Paranoid Schizophrenics descended into chaos yesterday when someone shouted, "He's behind you!"
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Kassen
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Joined: Jul 06, 2004 Posts: 7678 Location: The Hague, NL
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Posted: Sun Oct 28, 2007 7:55 am Post subject:
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Yeah, that's all good and well, but I don't want 1.5 gigs of printer drivers, I don't want any printer drivers at all or even a print cue because I never print anything and never even owned a printer, I use keyboards that don't even have "print" keys (or "Windows/Apple" ones).
I just want drivers for everything that's in the computer, documented hooks to those, a compiler and a terminal to manage files/start programs, don't even need a graphical shell and I don't want to have to pay for anything I don't want, like or use. I'd like to just have this "tiny OS" and don't understand why I can't get it. I think Job's pride over having just one edition for everybody is rather misplaced.
I don't *want* Apple to manage my computer and my security policy dictates that my work computers are never connected to the net at all, when on the road I always keep my laptop with me (on my lap in taxis, I take the bag with me to the toilet when on the train), I use long pass-phrases and strong crypto where needed. I don't know Apple personally and I can't read their code hence I can't and don't trust them to manage my security. _________________ Kassen |
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elektro80
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Joined: Mar 25, 2003 Posts: 21959 Location: Norway
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Posted: Sun Oct 28, 2007 7:58 am Post subject:
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Cool! So.. I think we have settled this then!  _________________ A Charity Pantomime in aid of Paranoid Schizophrenics descended into chaos yesterday when someone shouted, "He's behind you!"
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bachus

Joined: Feb 29, 2004 Posts: 2922 Location: Up in that tree over there.
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Posted: Sun Oct 28, 2007 8:05 am Post subject:
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| Kassen wrote: | Yeah. He has some very good points there but I think garbage collection can be unavoidable in practical situations.
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Don't get me wrong here, personally I love garbage collection. But I recognize that there are application domains where it can be a problem. As to be expected, one size, language, OS, lifestyle, whatever, does not really fit all. _________________ The question is not whether they can talk or reason, but whether they can suffer. -- Jeremy Bentham |
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dewdrop_world

Joined: Aug 28, 2006 Posts: 858 Location: Guangzhou, China
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Posted: Sun Oct 28, 2007 8:29 am Post subject:
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| Kassen wrote: | | Yeah. He has some very good points there but I think garbage collection can be unavoidable in practical situations. One example that is relevant to EM is SC which is expected to be as realtime as the the underlying OS can make it yet is also meant for rapid development (and I know that in extreme case those can and do clash)... |
SC uses realtime incremental GC, no "embarrassing pauses" - the original 1996 paper on SC1 cites: Paul R. Wilson, Uniprocessor Garbage Collection Techniques, Proceedings of the 1992 International Workshop on Memory Management, Springer-Verlag, Berlin, 1992. Also via ftp : ftp://ftp.cs.utexas.edu/pub/garbage/gcsurvey.ps
Incremental GC has been around for years - the fact that we still have to talk about the "embarrassing pause" is further evidence of laziness on the part of system designers.
James _________________ ddw online: http://www.dewdrop-world.net
sc3 online: http://supercollider.sourceforge.net |
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Kassen
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Joined: Jul 06, 2004 Posts: 7678 Location: The Hague, NL
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Posted: Sun Oct 28, 2007 8:41 am Post subject:
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Yes, but as the CPU is either calculating samples or cleaning and SC gives priority to the samples you can have the situation where the CPU can't clean as fast as garbage gets generated, at least that's what Nescivi told me. I would imagine this could be re-written but I'm not sure exactly what she was doing.
It's a interesting problem. Of course ChucK lacks any garbage collection at all which is a bit of a handicap but it does teach you to avoid generating garbage, I think that will be a valuable skill even once it does arrive _________________ Kassen |
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bachus

Joined: Feb 29, 2004 Posts: 2922 Location: Up in that tree over there.
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Posted: Sun Oct 28, 2007 8:56 am Post subject:
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| dewdrop_world wrote: | SC uses realtime incremental GC, no "embarrassing pauses" |
But GC is always a drag on performance whether it be a pause or an on going dribble in the background. There is at present simply no way around that--is there? _________________ The question is not whether they can talk or reason, but whether they can suffer. -- Jeremy Bentham |
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blue hell
Site Admin

Joined: Apr 03, 2004 Posts: 24119 Location: The Netherlands, Enschede
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Posted: Sun Oct 28, 2007 9:09 am Post subject:
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| bachus wrote: | | There is at present simply no way around that--is there? |
Last time I looked into it was over 15 years ago, I had a nicely laid out book about the subject sketching all kinds of variations on the theme, each having it's own specific drawbacks. I don't think things have changed much since then, except that object oriented programming has come to be used more and more, which is asking more from the garbage collector than procedure oriented programming. _________________ Jan
also .. could someone please turn down the thermostat a bit.
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Kassen
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Posted: Sun Oct 28, 2007 9:18 am Post subject:
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Still, it pros outweigh the cons for SC where in a single session the program itself may grow, shrink and change, recordings may be made and edited... That will create garbage on a scale unlike more traditional programs. _________________ Kassen |
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blue hell
Site Admin

Joined: Apr 03, 2004 Posts: 24119 Location: The Netherlands, Enschede
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Posted: Sun Oct 28, 2007 5:46 pm Post subject:
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My own idea about computer slowth is that we're stacking virtualizations on top of each other, which is efficient in terms if implementation, but not so in terms of speed.
Maybe beautifully exemplified in http://www.quinapalus.com/wi-java.html (you'll need to have java installed for your browser); a very inefficient way to compute prime numbers, but if you, like I do, like "staring at moving dots on a screen" as they call it, it's beautiful
Read here how it works. _________________ Jan
also .. could someone please turn down the thermostat a bit.
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elektro80
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Joined: Mar 25, 2003 Posts: 21959 Location: Norway
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Posted: Sun Oct 28, 2007 5:57 pm Post subject:
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| Blue Hell wrote: | | My own idea about computer slowth is that we're stacking virtualizations on top of each other, which is efficient in terms if implementation, but not so in terms of speed. |
I should mention Apple´s Rosetta enviroment which will run non macintel compiled code in a virtualization of the PPC CPU. It actually works and it has been greatly improved. Obviously this won´t do at all for really intensive stuff like high end graphics apps, video editing and DAWs. Still it works great for a lot of older software and it solves a "problem" for consumers. Most stuff gets updated to OS X Universal Binaries really fast anyways, but the Rosetta enviroment ensured that consumers never really perceived the change to the Intel CPUs as something problematic. _________________ A Charity Pantomime in aid of Paranoid Schizophrenics descended into chaos yesterday when someone shouted, "He's behind you!"
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Acoustic Interloper

Joined: Jul 07, 2007 Posts: 2070 Location: Berks County, PA
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Posted: Sun Oct 28, 2007 7:34 pm Post subject:
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For what it's worth, I thought the only point that blog really made was about GC | Quote: | | No, the two problems are memory usage and locality. | GC eats more memory than non-GC dynbamic storage allocation, and it does pull in all dynamic allocation pages over time. No argument, although I'd certainly argue against the author's assertion that it doesn't simplfy application storage management. It's hard to leak storage or garbage up the heap with redundant deletes/frees when you have a good garbage collector. this is an engineering trade-off.
His other two points are bullshit. There is no intrinsic correlation of multiple threads to disk IO, and the only villian he really has for paging is a bad Windoze paging algorithm.
I can think of more if he really wants them. But it all boils down to shitty programming. None of theses mechanisms is, in itself, a culprit, and I regard that blog as a red herring.
The problem is that you get what you pay for, and what you pay for is commodity programming, the law of averages. Programmers are evaluated on the basis of bullshit, hired or contracted on the basis of bullshit, and forced into retirement on the basis of bullshit.
How quickly and cheaply can you throw some crap out the door?
That's how it's done. Software design is not, mostly, treated like an art form (like architecture, of which it could be a special form), any more than commercial music is treated like an art form. (Hey, everybody, J LO's new CD is coming out!) Hire the ones that are young and naive and easy to shit up, and set them to work on piecework. Keep it cheap, just like walmart and prefab housing developments and the rest of it, if not cheap to buy, at least cheap to produce. Follow the law of averages, chopping off the heads that are too low *and* too high. It's a commodity market, and commomodity markets tend to suck.
My computers all suck to varying degrees, but my four banjos are made by craftspeople. Artists. There are (still) a few computer applications like this as well. Some. _________________ When the stream is deep
my wild little dog frolics,
when shallow, she drinks. |
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cappy2112

Joined: Dec 24, 2004 Posts: 2471 Location: San Jose, California
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Posted: Sun Oct 28, 2007 8:32 pm Post subject:
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| Kassen wrote: |
It's a 486, 24MB of ram and 150MB of HD space. To me that difference is a pretty nice computer that's basically being thrown away by all Mac users, like a 50$ sandwich. |
So what is stopping people from running a 486 with a bare-bones version of BSD? |
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cappy2112

Joined: Dec 24, 2004 Posts: 2471 Location: San Jose, California
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Posted: Sun Oct 28, 2007 8:47 pm Post subject:
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| Kassen wrote: |
It's a interesting problem. Of course ChucK lacks any garbage collection at all which is a bit of a handicap but it does teach you to avoid generating garbage, I think that will be a valuable skill even once it does arrive |
I wouldn't say all GC is bad. The concept does have merit, but it's the implementation which suffers (and in most cases, suffers really badly).
Kassen- have you ever installed and run a program which was made with .NET?
The few times I have, I've noticed that what appears to be GC is very noticeable for even small apps. It was very periodic, and noticeable even on a fast machine with lots of ram, and no other foreground apps were running. I've heard similar stories but usually more embellished from others who have also used .NET apps.
Python also uses some form of GC, but I cant say it's been a problem for me nor is noticeable. |
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Kassen
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Posted: Sun Oct 28, 2007 9:32 pm Post subject:
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Well, there is nothing stopping anyone from running BSD, BSD is notoriously hard to stop ;¬). What is a issue though is that I don't think installing pure BSD on a off the shelf portable computer with a professional soundcard is particularly easy.
My issue is that if you want that you'll need OSX which means throwing away most of your performance to chrome and bloat and I don't think that should be necessary. Stein can claim OSX isn't bloated all he wants but looking at the minimum system requirements straight off the Apple site and comparing those to the plain BSD ones I find that position a bit hard to maintain, "it's not bloated it just has 1.5gig of printer drivers"... makes me wonder how large a single one of those drivers is and exactly how many types of printers there have been in the history of computing....
I'm not sure about .net, but I've definitely seen Windows programs that behave like described. Typically when I'm going to use a Windows computer for a while I start by opening the taskmanager and killing all processes I don't know for sure I'll need. This tends to stop the hickups quite nicely :¬)
As far as I know GC originally comes from LISP and there it makes a lot of sense. In LISP in a single session there will likely be a series of questions answered where it's not at all clear up front how many resources answering the question will take, I can't really imagine how something like that would work without GC but for a video-card control panel I'm left wondering what the issue is... I never made one of those but those strike me as extremely static and predictable types of programs. _________________ Kassen |
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Kassen
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Joined: Jul 06, 2004 Posts: 7678 Location: The Hague, NL
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Posted: Sun Oct 28, 2007 9:38 pm Post subject:
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| Acoustic Interloper wrote: |
That's how it's done. Software design is not, mostly, treated like an art form (like architecture, of which it could be a special form).... |
I fear architecture typically isn't either any more, which is very sad as well. :¬( _________________ Kassen |
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BobTheDog

Joined: Feb 28, 2005 Posts: 4044 Location: England
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Posted: Mon Oct 29, 2007 12:02 am Post subject:
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| Kassen wrote: | | Acoustic Interloper wrote: |
That's how it's done. Software design is not, mostly, treated like an art form (like architecture, of which it could be a special form).... |
I fear architecture typically isn't either any more, which is very sad as well. :¬( |
This is due to the fact that they are taught as sciences rather than art nowadays. |
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brinxmat

Joined: Oct 24, 2005 Posts: 262 Location: Norway
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Posted: Mon Oct 29, 2007 4:41 am Post subject:
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God forbid that I should defend an Apple OS.
Mac OS X bloat: it's there because you didn't wise up and do a custom install. In fact, you can make OS X extremely lightweight -- especially if you get with the programme (like this http://lipidity.com/apple/cleaning-apps-mac-os-x/ and remove the unnecessary bloat from apps (anyone ever got rid of the unnecessary lprojs from the command line?)).
I'm still on linux, I regret upgrading to the last version of Ubuntu (Gutsy), simply because I have such an old machine, and little disk space. It was, however, a completely painless experience: I had to reinstate one set of packages (PHP/YAZ), but these may have got hosed previously ... I just restarted development on a Z39.50 project after a long hiatus.[/url] _________________ -- Say "&Eth;onne hit wæs hrenig weðer" |
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elektro80
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Joined: Mar 25, 2003 Posts: 21959 Location: Norway
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Posted: Mon Oct 29, 2007 5:03 am Post subject:
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Right, the default install is OK for ordinary consumers. Everyone else will do a custom install. _________________ A Charity Pantomime in aid of Paranoid Schizophrenics descended into chaos yesterday when someone shouted, "He's behind you!"
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dewdrop_world

Joined: Aug 28, 2006 Posts: 858 Location: Guangzhou, China
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Posted: Mon Oct 29, 2007 5:21 am Post subject:
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| Acoustic Interloper wrote: | | Hire the ones that are young and naive and easy to shit up, and set them to work on piecework. Keep it cheap, just like walmart and prefab housing developments and the rest of it, if not cheap to buy, at least cheap to produce. Follow the law of averages, chopping off the heads that are too low *and* too high. |
That sounds exactly like the company I work for.
As far as software-as-art, SuperCollider must be in the running. McCartney has this uncanny ability to make everybody else's code look unbearably clumsy.
James _________________ ddw online: http://www.dewdrop-world.net
sc3 online: http://supercollider.sourceforge.net |
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BobTheDog

Joined: Feb 28, 2005 Posts: 4044 Location: England
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Posted: Mon Oct 29, 2007 5:36 am Post subject:
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| Acoustic Interloper wrote: | For what it's worth, I thought the only point that blog really made was about GC | Quote: | | No, the two problems are memory usage and locality. | GC eats more memory than non-GC dynbamic storage allocation, and it does pull in all dynamic allocation pages over time. No argument, although I'd certainly argue against the author's assertion that it doesn't simplfy application storage management. It's hard to leak storage or garbage up the heap with redundant deletes/frees when you have a good garbage collector. this is an engineering trade-off.
His other two points are bullshit. There is no intrinsic correlation of multiple threads to disk IO, and the only villian he really has for paging is a bad Windoze paging algorithm.
I can think of more if he really wants them. But it all boils down to shitty programming. None of theses mechanisms is, in itself, a culprit, and I regard that blog as a red herring.
The problem is that you get what you pay for, and what you pay for is commodity programming, the law of averages. Programmers are evaluated on the basis of bullshit, hired or contracted on the basis of bullshit, and forced into retirement on the basis of bullshit.
How quickly and cheaply can you throw some crap out the door?
That's how it's done. Software design is not, mostly, treated like an art form (like architecture, of which it could be a special form), any more than commercial music is treated like an art form. (Hey, everybody, J LO's new CD is coming out!) Hire the ones that are young and naive and easy to shit up, and set them to work on piecework. Keep it cheap, just like walmart and prefab housing developments and the rest of it, if not cheap to buy, at least cheap to produce. Follow the law of averages, chopping off the heads that are too low *and* too high. It's a commodity market, and commomodity markets tend to suck.
My computers all suck to varying degrees, but my four banjos are made by craftspeople. Artists. There are (still) a few computer applications like this as well. Some. |
I have to agree wholeheartedly with this post.
Bespoke software is a bit different, the group of people I work with are all over 35, most over 40 and some over 50. We have lots of experience and produce good software, its not cheap though! |
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